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سرعت واکنش

Reaction Rates

 The rate of a chemical reaction can be expressed in terms of any reactant or product. The rate will be the change in concentration of any substance involved in the reaction per unit time. For a reactant, it would be how quickly its concentration is decreasing over time. For a product, it would be how quickly its concentration is increasing over time. The typical units of time are seconds and minutes, although in rare cases some very slow reactions might use longer time periods.

 For most reactions, the reaction rate is dependent to some degree on the concentration of one or more reactants, which means the rate will be constantly changing as the reaction proceeds and the concentrations change. Consider as an example the reaction of butyl chloride with water to produce butanol and hydrochloric acid.

C₄H₉Cl_(aq) + H₂O_(l) ® C₄H₉OH_(aq) + HCl_(aq)

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